Page 44 - META

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ISSN 2309-0103 www.archidoct.net
Vol. 7 (2) / February 2020
able discernment of new mathematics: no longer as a metaphor for the cosmos, but as a scientific instrument for rigorous interpretation, decisively undermining the prin- ciples of knowledge until the end of the following century.
Through systematic procedures, new contributions have transformed human knowl- edge and huge advanceshave been made, accompanied by decisive changes in our view of the world. This is because science is influenced by the social, historical and cultural environment that shapes its methods, theories and contents,in this works in a reciprocal manner(Purves, Sadova, Orians, Hillis and Heller, 2003).
With the advent of Newtonian mechanics, effective machine logic shaped our concep- tion of the universe: now as a regulated and predictable artefact operating through an exact numerical system that can be understood and encoded (Newton, Leseur and Jacquier, 1833).
A renewed design process thus emerged, a modern one, which abandoned formal rules in order to focus on the characteristics of functional organization, materials or on the dimensions of construction elements, etc. In this manner, the reflection on func- tional organization would lead to the Panopticon-Project, or those related to Galileo’s limit(Tzoniset al., 1984).
And, thus, determinism as a doctrine explains that any phenomenonis the conse- quence of a cause, and in view of that cause, the phenomenon develops without pos- sible variation, denying any possibility of contingency.
Laplace’s demon would declare that, if the exact position and momentum of each atom in the universe were known, its past and future values could be accurately calcu- lated (Laplace, 1798). Thus, we move from the observation and study of Ancient man to the precise scientific domain of Modern man.
Crossroads Science
However, exacerbated interest in this type of scientific judgment led to a disinte- gration in fields of study, in contrast to a more holistic view, which would be called “crossroads science”(Gerardin, 1968): contrary to reductionismof a specialized science, those of a crossroads science grow increasingly wide, contemplating a range of di- verse ideas at the same time.
Holism investigates systems by focusing on how the components act within the whole. This is based on the notion of the whole as being more than just the sum of its parts. In order to achieve progress based on synthesis, we mustrevisit and recapit- ulatematters that were not previously considered together, but that now turn out to represent the reality much better.
TwoLinesofThinkingTowardstheContemporaryAge:Enlightenmentsciencevs.Ro- mantic science
In addition to the above, sceptics with the prevailing logic also emergedwithin the dis-
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Systemic Considerations. Regarding the Importance of the Pre- in the Post- on the Path Towards the Meta-system
Adolfo Jordán